The window is formed of a decorative glass pieces.
These may be white or colored and may receive a decoration.
 |
| Window of the Cathedral of Troyes - 2006-07 © Gilles Richer |
these parts are assembled by rods lead.
This method, although still dominant today, is not the only one in use:
other techniques, such as copper foil,
slab of glass embedded in the concrete or silicone
collages (with resins or polymers),
and stained-glass free, can be used or combined.
A window is called glazing where its design is geometric and repetitive
The glazing is usually clear and unpainted.
A window and a glazing are realized following the same process involving lead and glass.
 |
| Stained glass church in the Cantal Marcolès © 2000-07 Gilles Richer |
 |
| Stained glass church Marcolès in the Cantal © 2000-07 Gilles Richer |
 |
| Church Stained Glass Marcolès in Cantal © 2000-07 Gilles Richer |
Lead is present in rod-shaped H-shaped bed.
pieces of glass are set into the shot and then the whole is definitely
through the welds at each intersection of the shot.
The colored glass has been produced since the earliest times.
 |
| Vitrail the church of Murat in Cantal - 2000-07 © Gilles Richer |
Both the Egyptians that the Romans excelled in the manufacture of small objects with colored glass.
In the early Christian churches of the fourth and fifth centuries,
can still see many openings obscured by
an original stained glass effect.
Similar effects were achieved with greater sophistication
by Muslims in Asia Minor creators using colored glass instead of stone.
 |
| Window of the church in the Cantal Tournemire - 2000-07 © Gilles Richer |
 |
| Stained glass window of the church Tournemire in Cantal - 2000-07 © Gilles Richer |
 |
| Window of the church in the Cantal Tournemire - 2000-07 © Gilles Richer |
During periods of Romanesque and early Gothic (950 to 1240),
openings grew requiring larger areas of glass.
Stability was ensured by robust iron frames.
These models are still visible in the cathedral of Chartres
and at the eastern end of the nave of Canterbury Cathedral.
With the development of ornamental Gothic architecture,
With the development of ornamental Gothic architecture,
Gothic architecture innovation by introducing a partitioning windows
by vertical pillars and stone patterns.
Complexity these openings reached its climax in the huge bays of European flamboyant style.
Integrated into the trend of vertical elevation of cathedrals and parish churches,
stained glass designs became more daring.
 |
| Stained Glass of Sainte Chapelle in Paris - 1999-1909 © Gilles Richer |
evolved from relatively simple piercings
stone walls to huge rosettes, like that of the west pediment of the Cathedral of Chartres.
stone walls to huge rosettes, like that of the west pediment of the Cathedral of Chartres.
These models reached an enormous complexity,
lace stone being branched into hundreds of different points, ;
as in the Sainte Chapelle in Paris.
 |
| Stained Glass of Sainte Chapelle in Paris-03 - 1999-1909 © Gilles Richer |
 |
| Stained glass of Sainte Chapelle in Paris-03 - 1999-1909 © Gilles Richer |
The design, color, strength and durability of the window ...
but especially the quality of light that penetrate into the architecture must be defined in advance.
step determines the color harmony of different colored glasses.
glasses are chosen according to the colors shown on the model and taking into account their nature: ancient, plated, Print ...
Samples of glasses were compared on a glass display
to observe the relationship of colors between them.
 |
| The windows of the dome of the store "Le Printemps" in Paris (author unknown) |
The model includes the path of the shot, color lenses,
painting possible and the transition metal armatures.
It serves as a starting point for developing a quote.
The model highlights the proportions of the parts against each other and
relative to the size of the window (especially in the case of glassworks).
The model serves as a reference document throughout the realization of stained glass.
The model serves as a reference document throughout the realization of stained glass.
 |
| Stained Glass-St Jean de Cole - 2005-05 © Gilles RICHER |
After alignment, and calibration layer,
cutting parts is highly accurate because each defect may alter the results, either in
measures, either in the ground. gauges as a guide for each piece and their overlap with the parts must be perfect.
It uses a diamond (natural or synthetic) or a glass cutter (wheel glazier).
In general, the action of the cutting is done in two stages:
a scratch and then stall.
If the stripe is correctly performed, glass "file" and the stall is exactly in this place
In all cases, the higher the stall is delayed, the less easy because the cut is then closed gradually. If the hand can not get the two pieces,
used pliers to detach positioned perpendicular to the cutting line.
If the edges are not perfect after the stall, they are correct with a pair of notching.
For a better finish, stone Carborundum improves the edge pieces.
Crimping includes all the steps to assemble and shot glasses.
The "path of lead" determine its organization.
It is studied first to obtain a strong and logical when assembling.
Beyond its mechanical function, the path to lead the emerging pattern of stained glass;
crimping must therefore respect the design to make it readable.
Each lead must be slightly flattened at its end
order to penetrate to the heart of another already installed. A lead
located between two glasses must be immediately cut and flattened
for the next one can cover the assembly occurs.
A lead is never cut in the middle of a room, always comes the next stop.
Before being welded, the wings are folded
sinkers using a spatula to fold to strengthen the panel.
When all leads are assembled
the network is secured by melting a little tin on each intersection.
Tin is the metal used for welding because it melts at a very low temperature (232 ° C).
It is used as rods composed of a mixture with 40% lead. From
olein or stearin is applied to each intersection for the solder adheres.
The overlapping wings of the shot is covered and hidden under tin.
The weld is slightly curved but not too big.
Its shape is centered on the intersection of symmetrically and not too spread out and all
formed is homogeneous.
The second side panel is then contresoudée except the lead of those around who do not.
The texts are taken from
In all cases, the higher the stall is delayed, the less easy because the cut is then closed gradually. If the hand can not get the two pieces,
used pliers to detach positioned perpendicular to the cutting line.
If the edges are not perfect after the stall, they are correct with a pair of notching.
For a better finish, stone Carborundum improves the edge pieces.
 |
| Stained Glass-St Jean de Cole - 2005-05 © Gilles RICHER |
The "path of lead" determine its organization.
It is studied first to obtain a strong and logical when assembling.
Beyond its mechanical function, the path to lead the emerging pattern of stained glass;
crimping must therefore respect the design to make it readable.
Each lead must be slightly flattened at its end
order to penetrate to the heart of another already installed. A lead
located between two glasses must be immediately cut and flattened
for the next one can cover the assembly occurs.
A lead is never cut in the middle of a room, always comes the next stop.
Before being welded, the wings are folded
sinkers using a spatula to fold to strengthen the panel.
When all leads are assembled
the network is secured by melting a little tin on each intersection.
Tin is the metal used for welding because it melts at a very low temperature (232 ° C).
It is used as rods composed of a mixture with 40% lead. From
olein or stearin is applied to each intersection for the solder adheres.
The overlapping wings of the shot is covered and hidden under tin.
The weld is slightly curved but not too big.
Its shape is centered on the intersection of symmetrically and not too spread out and all
formed is homogeneous.
The second side panel is then contresoudée except the lead of those around who do not.
 |
| Stained Glass-St Jean de Cole - 2005-05 © Gilles RICHER |
Operation Putty seals and strengthens the window.
It remains controversial among professionals
because its long-term effects can affect the quality of materials.
When seals are welded, the panel is not yet sealed.
It fills the spaces between the purposes and shot glasses with a sealant liquid.
This requires an intensive cleaning using sawdust and scrubbing brushes. This type of grouting
is strongly discouraged in the case of an old panel with painted parts. It then exerts a Putty "finger" with the same cement (made stronger);
thereby avoiding contact on all surfaces.
The sealant is a composition based on linseed oil, whiting
(Spain, Troyes) and drying (to speed drying).
because its long-term effects can affect the quality of materials.
When seals are welded, the panel is not yet sealed.
It fills the spaces between the purposes and shot glasses with a sealant liquid.
This requires an intensive cleaning using sawdust and scrubbing brushes. This type of grouting
is strongly discouraged in the case of an old panel with painted parts. It then exerts a Putty "finger" with the same cement (made stronger);
thereby avoiding contact on all surfaces.
The sealant is a composition based on linseed oil, whiting
(Spain, Troyes) and drying (to speed drying).
 |
| Stained Vieillevie village in the Cantal - 2000-07 © Gilles Richer |
The texts are taken from
light of our destiny
© Gilles Richer
us Our destiny is still unknown,
As light, elusive,
We believe in transparency of its reflections,
power to keep our hands
But what good will seize it?
 |
| Stained Snow White-Area Françon Biarritz - 1998 © Gilles Richer |
Learn to contrary his message,
glimpse the beauty that is in everything,
accept its walls, very hard,
And the night will come for sure.
 |
| Stained Snow White-Area Françon Biarritz - 1998 © Gilles Richer |
Do not s 'collapse in the dark
it imposes on us some day
Living
this division, to illuminate our sky
And in this light, countless flickering,
forge our own box.
 |
| Stained with all the scenes of Snow White Area Françon Biarritz - 1998 © Gilles Richer |
The strange history of stained glass field Françon
in the Basque Country
Since 1948, nobody knew what that had become the domain of the windows Françon.
frosted glass who replaced them clashed with the rich decoration of the entrance.
Until July 1985, where, through a chance conversation
an unknown remembered having seen in the basement of the old town hall, the villa Javalquinto,
something that looked like stained glass.
was discovered then wrapped in thick blankets, her wool
the famous wonders who resumed their place in great pomp in the corner reading area,
October 8, 1985.
There was certainly a guardian angel, because, one month after transfer to Françon
a new terrorist bomb destroyed the house almost entirely Javalquinto.
That's it for today.
Tomorrow is another day ...
But until the next article
remember there is always a publication to discover
clicking in my
Virtual Library
soon.
Tomorrow is another day ...
But until the next article
remember there is always a publication to discover
clicking in my
Virtual Library
soon.
0 comments:
Post a Comment